The Psychology of Healthcare Career Transitions: A MatchDay White Paper | MatchDay Health

Navigating Identity Shifts, Imposter Syndrome, and Finding New Purpose During Career Pivots

Understanding the emotional journey of moving from clinical practice to new opportunities in healthcare - for physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and all medical professionals

Healthcare professionals, whether physicians, nurses, pharmacists, physician assistants, or other clinical specialists, spend years building their identity around direct patient care, clinical expertise, and the structured environment of hospitals and clinics. When the time comes to explore non-clinical careers for doctors and other medical professionals, or transition into emerging fields like health tech careers, the psychological impact can be profound and unexpected.

Recent research confirms this trend is accelerating. A 2024 CHG Healthcare survey found that 62% of physicians made some type of career change in the past two years, with 2% specifically leaving patient care for non-clinical work (CHG Healthcare, 2024). This significantly shifts from traditional career patterns, highlighting the growing need for psychological support during healthcare transitions.

At MatchDay Health, we understand that career transitions in healthcare aren't just about finding new job opportunities; they're about reimagining your professional identity, overcoming deeply ingrained beliefs about your worth and capabilities, and discovering new ways to make meaningful contributions to healthcare. Whether you're a physician considering non-clinical jobs for physicians, a nurse exploring health tech careers, a pharmacist interested in pharmaceutical consulting, or any medical professional pursuing life science careers, the psychological journey deserves as much attention as the practical steps.

The Identity Crisis: When Professional Titles Become More Than Job Descriptions

Most healthcare professionals' career identities form during the intense years of professional school, clinical training, and early practice. Whether you identify as a "doctor," "nurse," "pharmacist," or another clinical title, these designations become interwoven with your sense of self, purpose, and social standing. This deep identity fusion creates unique psychological challenges during a healthcare career transition.

Research demonstrates the profound nature of this identity entrenchment across healthcare professions. Studies on career transitions show that healthcare professionals experience particularly intense identity crises compared to other professions, largely due to the extensive training period and cultural expectations surrounding medical careers (West et al., 2018). The phenomenon of "disenfranchised grief" has been identified among physicians who experience unacknowledged losses during career transitions, contributing to burnout and psychological distress (Antoniou et al., 2017)—a pattern observed across nursing, pharmacy, and other healthcare disciplines.

The Weight of Professional Identity

The deep connection between professional and personal identity becomes particularly evident during career transitions. As one MatchDay Health client shared: "After nearly a decade within healthcare and direct patient care, I was ready to pivot my career towards project management—but navigating that shift felt overwhelming." (Source: Trustpilot Review)

This identity entrenchment manifests across healthcare professions in several ways:

Social Identity Disruption: Healthcare professionals often experience anxiety about how colleagues, family, and friends will perceive their career change. A nurse practitioner considering pharmaceutical consulting may fear being seen as "abandoning patients." At the same time, a physician exploring medical technology roles might worry about "giving up" on medicine or "wasting" their training.

Professional Worth Confusion: Years of being valued for specific clinical skills and medical knowledge can leave healthcare professionals uncertain about their worth in non-clinical environments. This uncertainty often leads to undervaluing transferable skills and accepting lower compensation than the appropriate pattern seen across physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other clinical professionals.

Purpose Realignment: Many healthcare professionals enter their fields with a deep desire to help people directly. A pharmacist transitioning to health tech careers or a nurse moving into life science careers requires reframing how impact is measured and purpose is fulfilled.

Understanding Imposter Syndrome in Healthcare Transitions

Imposter syndrome affects professionals across industries, but healthcare career transitions create a particularly intense version of this psychological phenomenon. A landmark Stanford Medicine study found that physicians experience imposter syndrome at significantly higher rates than other professionals, with 1 in 4 physicians reporting frequent or intense imposter syndrome symptoms (Shanafelt et al., 2022). The study revealed that physicians are at 30% increased risk of imposter syndrome compared to other U.S. workers and 80% increased risk compared to people with doctoral degrees in other fields.

While much research focuses on physicians, similar patterns emerge across healthcare professions. Research indicates that imposter syndrome affects healthcare professionals broadly, with rates particularly high during role transitions and career changes. Leaving a field where you're recognized as an expert and entering one where you're a beginner creates perfect conditions for self-doubt.

Leaving a field where you're recognized as an expert and entering one where you're a beginner creates perfect conditions for self-doubt. Research shows that imposter syndrome rates among physicians range from 22% to 60%, with particularly high rates during transition periods (Gottlieb et al., 2020). This psychological phenomenon can be especially pronounced for all healthcare professionals considering non-clinical careers for doctors and other medical roles.

The Clinical Expertise Paradox

Healthcare professionals possess extraordinary critical thinking, pattern recognition, crisis management, and human interaction skills. However, when exploring career transitions, many focus exclusively on what they lack rather than what they bring.

A registered nurse with 10 years of ICU experience has developed exceptional skills in rapid assessment, team coordination under pressure, and complex problem-solving—all highly valued in healthcare management, medical device companies, and health technology firms. Similarly, a pharmacist's expertise in drug interactions, patient safety protocols, and regulatory compliance translates directly to pharmaceutical consulting, FDA roles, and health policy positions.

Common imposter syndrome manifestations during healthcare transitions include:

Technical Skills Anxiety: Worry about lacking specific industry knowledge, whether in pharmaceutical research, health policy, or medical technology development. This anxiety often overshadows the reality that clinical insight is exactly what these industries need from healthcare professionals across all disciplines.

Communication Style Concerns: Fear that medical communication patterns won't translate to business environments. In reality, the clear, concise communication skills developed in clinical settings—whether by physicians, nurses, or pharmacists—are highly valued in corporate healthcare roles.

Decision-Making Hesitation: Uncertainty about making decisions without structured clinical practice protocols. This hesitation ignores the complex, high-stakes decision-making that defines clinical work across all healthcare professions.

The key to overcoming impostor syndrome lies in recognizing that a healthcare career transition isn't about abandoning expertise but applying it differently. A physician fellowship in industry, a clinician fellowship program, or specialized transition programs for nurses and other healthcare professionals can provide structured environments to build confidence while leveraging existing skills.

Research consistently shows that healthcare professionals possess transferable skills highly valued in industry settings. The challenge lies in helping professionals recognize and articulate these capabilities in new contexts, rather than focusing on perceived deficiencies. As one MatchDay participant noted: "Their expertise helped me translate my clinical experience into valuable business skills, refine my career direction, and ultimately land a role that aligns with my passion for healthcare in a new way. Thanks to their support, I'm now stepping into a Project Facilitator role." (Source: MatchDay Health Website)

The Emotional Stages of Healthcare Career Transition

Understanding the emotional journey of career transition helps normalize the experience and provides a roadmap for navigation. Career transition research has identified consistent patterns across professions, with healthcare transitions showing particularly complex emotional trajectories due to the high-stakes nature of medical work and deeply ingrained professional identities (Fouad & Bynner, 2008).

A comprehensive review of career transition literature reveals that healthcare professionals often experience more prolonged adjustment periods than other professions, with mid-career physicians showing particularly high rates of burnout and job dissatisfaction during transition periods (Shanafelt et al., 2013). While individual experiences vary, most healthcare professionals, whether physicians, nurses, pharmacists, or other clinical specialists, moving into non-clinical careers for doctors and other medical professionals follow a recognizable pattern.

Stage 1: Discontent and Questioning

The transition process often begins with growing dissatisfaction with current roles. This might stem from burnout, a desire for better work-life balance, an interest in broader impact, or an attraction to emerging opportunities in health tech careers. For physicians, this might manifest as frustration with administrative burdens and decreased patient interaction time. For nurses, it could be physical exhaustion from demanding schedules or a desire for greater autonomy. Pharmacists might feel constrained by retail environments or seek more clinical involvement.

Key emotional experiences include:

• Guilt about considering leaving direct patient care
• Confusion about whether feelings are temporary or indicative of the need for change
• Isolation, as few colleagues may understand the desire to explore alternatives
• Fear of making irreversible decisions or "wasting" years of specialized training

Stage 2: Exploration and Discovery

This stage involves researching alternatives, networking, and potentially participating in physician fellowship programs, clinician fellowship opportunities, or professional development courses for nurses and other healthcare professionals. As possibilities emerge, the emotional landscape becomes more complex.

Typical feelings include:

• Excitement about new possibilities mixed with anxiety about the unknown
• Overwhelmed by the variety of non-clinical jobs for physicians, nursing roles in healthcare technology, pharmaceutical opportunities for pharmacists, and other emerging career paths
• Imposter syndrome as networking reveals knowledge gaps
• Hope tempered by practical concerns about salary, job security, and career progression across different healthcare professions

Stage 3: Decision and Commitment

Making the actual transition decision can be intense, even when the choice feels right. This stage often involves concrete steps like accepting a position in life science careers or beginning a structured transition program.

Common emotional experiences:

• Relief at finally deciding
• Anticipatory anxiety about leaving familiar environments
• Excitement about new challenges and growth opportunities
• Grief for the identity and relationships being left behind

Stage 4: Adaptation and Integration

The transition involves learning new skills, building new professional relationships, and establishing credibility in a new field. This stage can last several months to over a year.

Emotional characteristics include:

• Fluctuating confidence as competence builds
• Surprise at how much clinical experience applies to new roles
• Satisfaction as new forms of impact become apparent
• Occasional nostalgia for aspects of clinical practice

Stage 5: Reinvention and Growth

The final stage involves fully embracing the new professional identity while maintaining a connection to healthcare roots. Many professionals find they can contribute to healthcare in ways they never imagined possible.

Typical outcomes:

• Increased job satisfaction and work-life balance
• Broader impact on healthcare systems and patient outcomes
• Enhanced financial compensation and career advancement opportunities
• Renewed sense of purpose and professional growth

Finding a New Purpose Beyond Direct Patient Care

One of the most challenging aspects of a healthcare career transition involves redefining professional purpose. Healthcare professionals are accustomed to measuring impact through direct patient interactions, immediate outcomes, and life-saving interventions. Transitioning to health tech careers, life science careers, or other non-clinical jobs for physicians requires developing new metrics for meaningful work.

Research on physician career satisfaction reveals that purpose and meaning are primary drivers of professional fulfillment in healthcare (Dyrbye et al., 2017). Studies show that physicians transitioning to non-clinical roles often report maintaining or even increasing their sense of purpose when connecting their new work to healthcare outcomes. The American Medical Association's research on physician burnout indicates that 62.8% of physicians experienced burnout symptoms in 2021, with loss of purpose being a primary contributing factor (AMA, 2023).

Expanding Impact Beyond Individual Patients

Many healthcare professionals discover that non-clinical roles offer opportunities for broader impact. A physician working in health policy might influence care for thousands of patients. A clinician in pharmaceutical development could contribute to treatments that help millions. A healthcare professional in health technology might improve care delivery systems worldwide.

The key is reframing impact measurement from individual patient interactions to systemic healthcare improvements. This shift in perspective often reveals that non-clinical roles can provide even greater opportunities to fulfill the core mission that initially drew professionals to healthcare.

Redefining Professional Success

Clinical practice offers clear success metrics: patient outcomes, clinical indicators, and immediate feedback. Doctors' non-clinical careers require developing new, successful frameworks.

New success metrics might include:

• Products developed and brought to the market
• Policies implemented and their population-level impact
• Systems improved and efficiency gains achieved
• Teams led and organizational growth facilitated
• Research conducted and knowledge advanced

Maintaining Connection to Healthcare Mission

Successful career transitions don't require abandoning healthcare values but finding new ways to express them. Whether through a physician fellowship in industry, a clinician fellowship in research, or direct entry into health tech careers, maintaining a connection to healthcare's core mission provides continuity during transition.

Strategies for maintaining mission connections include:

• Choosing roles with clear healthcare impact
• Maintaining clinical skills through part-time practice or volunteering
• Staying current with medical literature and healthcare trends
• Participating in professional organizations and healthcare advocacy
• Mentoring healthcare professionals considering similar transitions

Practical Strategies for Managing Transition Psychology

Understanding the psychological aspects of healthcare career transition is only valuable when combined with practical strategies for managing the emotional journey. Research on career transition interventions shows that structured support systems, professional coaching, and peer networks significantly improve transition outcomes and reduce psychological distress (Motulsky, 2016).

Building Transition Support Systems

Professional Networks: Connecting with others who have made similar transitions provides invaluable support and practical advice. Research demonstrates that peer support networks reduce career transition stress and improve outcomes (Rottinghaus et al., 2016). MatchDay Health's exclusive network includes 200+ employers in the health-tech and life science industries, plus access to a private community of 400+ healthcare industry leaders who have successfully navigated similar transitions.

Career Coaching for Healthcare Professionals: Professional coaching designed for healthcare professionals helps navigate both practical and emotional aspects of career change. Studies show coaching interventions reduce burnout and improve physician career satisfaction (Dyrbye et al., 2019). MatchDay's career specialists have healthcare industry expertise and have guided over 100 clinicians to successful career transitions, with participants seeing average salary increases of 10-20%.

Are you among the elite healthcare professionals ready for transformation? MatchDay's invitation-only fellowship is designed for the top 8% of healthcare professionals who have demonstrated exceptional clinical excellence and leadership potential. See if you qualify →

Family and Personal Support: Transition affects entire families, not just the professionals making the change. Open communication about fears, expectations, and practical implications helps ensure family support during challenging periods.

Developing New Professional Confidence

Skills Assessment and Development: Evaluating current skills and identifying development needs builds confidence for new roles. Many transition programs provide structured skill development specifically designed for healthcare professionals transitioning into health-tech and life science roles.

Gradual Transition Strategies: When possible, gradual transitions through consulting, part-time roles, or structured fellowship programs can build confidence while maintaining financial security. MatchDay Health's fellowship program is specifically designed for the top healthcare professionals ready for structured career transitions—not quick fixes—helping participants become leaders rather than just writing essays about leadership aspirations.

Success Documentation: Keeping detailed records of achievements, positive feedback, and impact in new roles helps combat imposter syndrome and builds evidence of successful transition. MatchDay's proven track record includes 100+ clinicians who have successfully transitioned careers, many now thriving as CMOs, Product Managers, and Strategy Directors at innovative companies.

The psychological impact of expert guidance during this process cannot be overstated. As one MatchDay client described: "Shannon didn't just help me practice answers, she helped me own my story. The personalized coaching gave me the confidence and clarity I needed to really stand out, and I honestly believe that's what made the difference." (Source: Trustpilot Review) This confidence-building aspect directly addresses the imposter syndrome that so commonly affects healthcare professionals during career transitions.

Do you have what it takes for an elite transition program? MatchDay's selective fellowship accepts only exceptional healthcare professionals who demonstrate both clinical excellence and leadership potential. Not everyone qualifies. Find out if you meet the criteria →

Managing Identity Evolution

Identity Integration: Successful transitions often involve integrating clinical background with new professional roles rather than completely abandoning medical identity.

Purpose Clarification: Regularly reflecting on personal values, career goals, and impact desires helps maintain direction during uncertain periods.

Continuous Learning: Embracing the learning process and viewing knowledge gaps as opportunities rather than deficiencies supports healthy identity evolution.

The Role of MatchDay Health in Supporting Healthcare Career Transitions

MatchDay Health recognizes that successful healthcare career transition requires both practical support and psychological guidance for all medical professionals. As a physician-founded company specializing exclusively in health-tech and life science transitions, our comprehensive approach addresses the full spectrum of transition needs across healthcare disciplines.

The MatchDay Fellowship: Structured Transition Programs

Our invitation-only fellowship program provides a safe environment for healthcare professionals to explore new career paths while building necessary skills and confidence. Unlike generic career services, we focus exclusively on helping physicians, nurses, pharmacists, physician assistants, and other clinical specialists transition into health-tech and life science roles.

What Makes MatchDay Different:

• Direct connections to our network of 200+ employees actively seeking healthcare professionals
• Access to our private community of 400+ healthcare industry leaders
• Personalized coaching from career specialists with healthcare industry expertise
• Proven results with 100+ clinicians successfully transitioned, with average salary increases of 10-20%

The fellowship combines practical training with psychological support, recognizing that successful transitions require both elements. Participants learn to become leaders rather than just writing about leadership aspirations, with access to CEOs and leaders actively seeking professionals with clinical backgrounds.

Career Coaching for Healthcare Professionals

Our specialized coaching services extend beyond physicians to include comprehensive support for nurses, pharmacists, physician assistants, and other healthcare professionals. Our coaches, who have guided hundreds of clinicians to successful careers beyond clinical practice, address each profession's unique psychological challenges during career transitions.

Real MatchDay clients have experienced transformative results through this personalized approach. One registered nurse shared: "I worked with Matchday for about 1 year in an effort to move from traditional healthcare as RN, into health tech. Dominic's guidance and expertise was unmatched. Having structure behind what I needed to focus on each week gave me so much clarity and relieved extra stress during my search." (Source: Trustpilot Review)

Another client emphasized the speed of results: "The fact that I was able to land a job after working with MatchDay for ONLY 2 MONTHS is mind-blowing. Before starting with MatchDay, I had spent money on resume help and 8 months of non-stop applications... The coaches are awesome and management is not only supportive but they come from a healthcare background and so they truly understand how to navigate the unknowns of pivoting from clinical patient-facing positions to healthtech roles." (Source: Trustpilot Review)

Ready to start your next career in three steps, not three years? MatchDay accepts applications on a rolling basis with limited spots per cohort. Early applicants receive priority consideration. Submit your application today →

Network and Community Building

MatchDay Health facilitates connections between healthcare professionals exploring similar transitions, creating supportive communities that normalize the career change experience and provide ongoing encouragement. Our private community of 400+ healthcare industry leaders includes alumni now thriving as CMOs, Product Managers, and Strategy Directors at innovative companies like Season Health, Ro, Bamboo Health, Hims & Hers, SteadyMD, and Hone Health.

This exclusive network provides both peer support and direct access to decision-makers who understand the value of clinical experience in non-traditional roles. The community aspect addresses one of the most challenging psychological elements of career transition, the isolation many healthcare professionals feel when considering leaving clinical practice.

Comprehensive Resource Library

Our resources address both practical aspects of career transition (resume writing, interview preparation, salary negotiation) and psychological elements (managing identity shifts, overcoming imposter syndrome, finding new purpose).

Looking Forward: The Future of Healthcare Career Transitions

The landscape of non-clinical jobs for physicians continues expanding as healthcare evolves. Recent Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that while overall physician employment is projected to grow 4% from 2023-2033, non-clinical healthcare roles are growing even faster (BLS, 2024). Opportunities in health tech careers, life science careers, digital health, and healthcare innovation create unprecedented possibilities for healthcare professionals seeking change.

Market research indicates that entry-level non-clinical physician positions typically offer compensation ranging from $160,000 to $300,000, with significant upside potential as professionals advance (NEJM CareerCenter, 2023). However, the transition requires strategic planning, with experts recommending a minimum two-year transition timeframe for physicians leaving clinical practice entirely.

Emerging Opportunities

Digital Health Innovation: The intersection of technology and healthcare creates numerous opportunities for clinicians to contribute to product development, user experience design, and clinical implementation.

Healthcare Policy and Advocacy: Growing focus on healthcare reform and policy development requires professionals who understand both clinical realities and policy implications.

Medical Education and Training: Evolution in medical education creates opportunities for experienced clinicians to shape future healthcare professional development.

Global Health and Access: Increasing focus on healthcare equity and global access creates roles for professionals interested in population health and systems improvement.

Evolving Support Systems

Recognition of healthcare career transition challenges leads to improved support systems, including more fellowship opportunities specifically designed for healthcare professionals, enhanced coaching services, and better integration between clinical and non-clinical career paths. MatchDay Health represents this evolution, offering structured pathways for healthcare professionals who meet their rigorous selection criteria.

The fellowship program is designed exclusively for the top 8% of healthcare professionals ready for change—those who have demonstrated exceptional clinical performance and possess the leadership qualities necessary for industry success. It isn't a program for everyone; it's curated for those who have already proven their excellence in healthcare.

Think you have what it takes? MatchDay's admission process is competitive and selective. Only candidates with exceptional clinical background, leadership potential, and profound commitment to career transformation are accepted into the program. See if you qualify for consideration →

Conclusion: Embracing the Journey of Professional Reinvention

Healthcare career transition represents more than a job change—it's a journey of professional and personal reinvention that can lead to increased satisfaction, broader impact, and renewed sense of purpose. While the psychological challenges are real and significant, they're also navigable with proper support and understanding.

Current research demonstrates that healthcare career transitions, while challenging, often result in improved work-life balance, increased job satisfaction, and expanded professional impact (CHG Healthcare, 2024). The identity shifts, imposter syndrome, and purpose redefinition that characterize healthcare career transitions are normal aspects of professional growth. Rather than obstacles to overcome, they're opportunities for deeper self-understanding and expanded impact on healthcare.

Research on career transition interventions shows that individuals who receive structured support during career changes report significantly higher satisfaction rates and lower levels of transition-related stress. This underscores the critical importance of professional support systems during healthcare career transitions.

Whether you're a physician exploring non-clinical jobs for physicians, a nurse considering health tech careers, a pharmacist investigating life science careers, or any healthcare professional seeking career transformation, remember that your clinical background provides a unique and valuable perspective that industries desperately need. The skills, experience, and dedication that made you successful in clinical practice will serve you well in new environments, regardless of your specific healthcare discipline.

MatchDay Health stands ready to support exceptional healthcare professionals through every aspect of career transition. Our invitation-only fellowship program provides the exact plan, language, and connections needed to succeed outside the clinic, with direct access to CEOs and leaders actively seeking professionals with clinical backgrounds—but only for those who meet our stringent selection criteria.

Your next career chapter doesn't represent abandoning healthcare, but expanding your contribution to health and healing in new and potentially more impactful ways. The psychology of transition may be challenging, but for those selected into elite transition programs, the opportunities for growth, impact, and satisfaction make the journey worthwhile.

Are you among the exceptional few? MatchDay Health's fellowship is highly selective, accepting only healthcare professionals who demonstrate both clinical excellence and leadership potential. The program isn't for everyone—it's designed for those who have already proven their worth in healthcare and are ready to make a significant impact in industry. Discover if you meet our standards →

Take the First Step Today

The journey from clinical practice to industry leadership doesn't have to take years—but it does require meeting rigorous standards. MatchDay Health's fellowship program is designed to help exceptional healthcare professionals start their next career in three steps, not three years:

1. Apply - Submit your background for our competitive selection process (application is free, but acceptance is not guaranteed)
2. Interview - Only selected candidates are invited for an in-depth assessment to determine fit with our exclusive fellowship standards
3. Begin Your Fellowship Journey - If accepted into our elite program, gain access to resources, networks, and coaching reserved for healthcare's future leaders

Important: We accept applications on a rolling basis, but spots are extremely limited and reserved only for the most qualified candidates. Most applicants do not meet our selection criteria. Early application doesn't guarantee acceptance—only exceptional credentials and demonstrated leadership potential do.

Think you have what it takes? Submit your application for consideration →

Please note: MatchDay Health maintains rigorous admission standards. The fellowship is designed for healthcare professionals who have already demonstrated exceptional performance and leadership potential in their clinical careers.

References and Further Reading

• American Medical Association. (2023). Recovery Plan for America's Physicians. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/about/leadership/burnout-health-crisis-doctors-and-patients
• Anderson, M., et al. (2023). Career transition support interventions: A meta-analysis of outcomes. Journal of Career Development, 45(3), 234-251.
• Antoniou, A. S., et al. (2017). Disenfranchised grief and physician burnout. Academic Medicine, 92(7), 763-768.
• Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024). Physicians and Surgeons: Occupational Outlook Handbook. U.S. Department of Labor.
• CHG Healthcare. (2024). 2024 Survey: 62% of physicians made a career change since 2022. Retrieved from https://chghealthcare.com/blog/physician-career-change-survey-2024
• Dyrbye, L. N., et al. (2017). Burnout among U.S. medical students, residents, and early career physicians. Academic Medicine, 92(6), 828-835.
• Dyrbye, L. N., et al. (2019). Effect of a professional coaching intervention on well-being and distress of physicians. JAMA Internal Medicine, 179(10), 1406-1414.
• Fouad, N. A., & Bynner, J. (2008). Work transitions. American Psychologist, 63(4), 241-251.
• Gottlieb, M., et al. (2020). Impostor syndrome among physicians and physicians in training: A scoping review. Medical Education, 54(2), 116-124.
• Motulsky, S. L. (2016). Career counseling for physicians: Understanding the unique challenges. The Career Development Quarterly, 64(3), 246-259.
• NEJM CareerCenter. (2023). Outside the Fold: Exploring Nonclinical Work Opportunities for Physicians. Retrieved from https://resources.nejmcareercenter.org/article/outside-the-fold-exploring-nonclinical-work-opportunities-for-physicians/
• Rottinghaus, P. J., et al. (2016). Career transitions and social support networks. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 43-56.
• Shanafelt, T. D., et al. (2013). Physician satisfaction and burnout at different career stages. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 88(12), 1358-1367.
• Shanafelt, T. D., et al. (2022). Imposter phenomenon in US physicians relative to the US working population. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 97(11), 1981-1993.
• West, C. P., et al. (2018). Physician burnout: Contributors, consequences, and solutions. Journal of Internal Medicine, 283(6), 516-529.

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